EFFECT OF SEED TREATMENT WITH CHITOSAN ON THE GROWTH OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) SEEDLINGS cv. INCA LP-5 IN SALINE MEDIUM

نویسندگان

  • Lisbel Martínez González
  • Yanelis Reyes Guerrero
  • Alejandro Falcón Rodríguez
  • Miriam Núñez Vázquez
چکیده

RESUMEN. La quitosana es usada ampliamente en la agricultura por su efecto fungistático, además alarga la vida postcosecha de frutos y vegetales y estimula el crecimiento de las plantas. Sin embargo, ha sido poco estudiado el uso de este biopolímero en la inducción de tolerancia a la salinidad, por lo que el objetivo de este trabajo fue comprobar si el tratamiento a las semillas con quitosana revertía los efectos inhibitorios del estrés salino en el crecimiento de plántulas de arroz, así como en algunos indicadores bioquímicos asociados a esta respuesta. Para ello se trataron semillas de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) variedad INCA LP-5, durante 24 horas, con diferentes concentraciones de quitosana (0, 100 y 500 mg L-1). Las semillas germinadas se transfirieron a potes, a los que se les adicionó solución nutritiva Hoagland diluida, suplementada o no con NaCl 100 mmol L-1 y se colocaron en un cuarto de crecimiento con condiciones controladas. Las evaluaciones de crecimiento y los indicadores bioquímicos se realizaron a los once días después de establecido el estrés. El tratamiento a las semillas con la concentración de 100 mgL-1 de quitosana estimuló la longitud y la masa seca de la parte aérea de las plántulas crecidas en medio salino, así como disminuyó los niveles de malondialdehído e incrementó los de prolina. En cuanto a la actividad enzimática ambas concentraciones de quitosana estimularon las enzimas catalasas y peroxidasas, siendo el efecto más notable con la concentración de 500 mg L-1. ABSTRACT. The chitosan is widely used in agriculture for having a strong fungistatic effect, also it has other properties such as extending the post harvest life of fruits and vegetables and stimulating the plant growth, among others. However, the use of this biopolymer for inducing salinity tolerance has been few studied, so the objective of this work was to check if chitosan-treated seeds are able to reverse the effects caused by salinity in the rice seedling growth and some biochemical indicators associated to this response. To do this, rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds variety INCA LP-5 were treated for 24 hours with different concentrations of chitosan (0, 100 and 500 mg L-1). The germinated seeds were transferred to pots containing diluted Hoagland nutritive solution supplemented or not with NaCl 100 mmol L-1 and they were placed in a growth chamber with controlled conditions. The growth and biochemical indicators were evaluated eleven days after stress treatment. Seeds treated with chitosan 100 mg L-1 stimulated shoot length and dry matter in saline medium grown seedlings and lowered malondialdehyde and increased proline levels. Both chitosan concentrations enhanced the activities of catalase and peroxidase enzymes, although a higher effect was obtained with chitosan 500 mg L-1. ISSN print: 0258-5936 ISSN online: 1819-4087 Ministry of Higher Education. Cuba National Institute of Agricultural Sciences http://ediciones.inca.edu.cu

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تاریخ انتشار 2016